News
Publish date: January 11, 2009
News
In fish farming where you find fish in large concentrations you will get problems with disease. To deal with disease outbreaks, a number of measures such as various medications are used. Farmers use pharmaceuticals to treat bacterial diseases, sea lice and other parasites. The following table summarizes the type of medication and amount used per year.
| 1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
|
| Antibacterial agents |
1044 | 556 | 671 | 591 | 685 | 645 | 1219 | 805 | 1159 | 1215 | 1428 | 649 |
| Anesthesia agents |
593 | 781 | 689 | 524 | 864 | 944 | 1328 | 1201 | 1240 | 1360 | 1623 | 1914 |
| Endo- and ectoparasites |
1904 | 2507 | 2119 | 732 | 800 | 648 | 669 | 759 | 854 | 678 | 797 | 721 |
| Total | 3541 | 3843 | 3479 | 1847 | 2349 | 2237 | 3216 | 2764 | 3252 | 3253 | 3848 | 3284 |
Source: The Norwegian Institute of Public Health
Antibacterials (per kg active ingredient)
| 2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
|
| Florfenicol |
109 | 205 | 154 | 111 | 202 | 302 | 139 |
| Flumequin |
7 | 5 | 60 | 4 | 28 | 7 | 18 |
| Lincomycin/ Spectinomycin (1:2) |
– | – | – | – | – | 50 | 67 |
| Oxytetracycline |
12 | 11 | 45 | 5 | 8 | 0 | 19 |
| Oxolinic acid |
517 | 998 | 546 | 1035 | 977 | 1119 | 406 |
| Total |
645 | 1219 | 805 | 1159 | 1215 | 1478 | 649 |
Anaesthetics (per kg active ingredient)
| 2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
|
| Benzocaine* |
500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 400 | 700 |
| Chlorbutanol |
1 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Metacaine |
440 | 827 | 699 | 737 | 960 | 1216 | 1214 |
| Isoeugenol** |
3 | 1 | 1,5 | 2,5 | – | 6,5 | 0 |
*calculated sales for fish breeding. Benzocaine is also used in human medicine.
**Isoeugenol is only used for research.
Sea lice treatment (per kg active ingredient)
| 2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
|
| Cypermethrin |
69 | 62 | 59 | 55 | 45 | 49 | 30 |
| Deltamethrin |
19 | 23 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 23 | 29 |
| Teflubenzuron |
28 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Emamectin |
12 | 20 | 23 | 32 | 39 | 60 | 73 |
| Total |
128 | 105 | 98 | 104 | 100 | 132 | 132 |
Anthelmintics (per kg active ingredient)
| 2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
|
| Fenbenadazole |
21 | 8 | 2 | 23 | 78 | 27 | 1 |
| Praziquantel |
100 | 152 | 232 | 412 | 122 | 145 | 94 |
| Total |
121 | 160 | 234 | 435 | 200 | 172 | 95 |
Fungicides (kg active substance)
| 2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
|
| Bronopol |
392 | 396 | 422 | 314 | 377 | 492 | 493 |
| Malachite green |
7 | 8 | 4,5* | 0,7* | 0,9* | 0,9* | 0,8* |
| Total |
399 | 404 | 427 | 315 | 378 | 493 | 494 |
*Has not been used in production of fish for human consumption.
Throughout the past year, our mission at the Bellona Environmental Transparency Center has focused on two key, but intertwined issues—nuclear and radiation safety as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine drags on, and the worldwide influence of Rosatom, Russia’s state nuclear corporation, which itself is actively involved in the war and has participated in the occupation of a Ukrainian nuclear power plant.
At the beginning of the year, reports in the German and Russian press suggested an approximate 70% increase in uranium imports from Russia to Germany in 2024. But does this reflect broader European trends? It does not. Overall, imports of uranium and nuclear fuel from Russia to Western countries actually dropped sharply in 2024. Unlike the situation in Germany, this is already an established trend.
A Lingen, Germany plant could begin producing nuclear fuel in cooperation with a subsidiary of Rosatom, Russia's state nuclear corporation, which is directly involved in the war in Ukraine and occupying the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant.
In this news digest, we monitor events that impact the environment in the Russian Arctic. Our focus lies in identifying the factors that contribute to pollution and climate change.