Balancing competitiveness and climate objectives: Bellona Europa’s insights on the Draghi Report
Introduction Competitiveness has been the dominating topic in EU political discussions in recent months and is set to be a key focus of the upcomi...
News
Publish date: October 20, 1999
Written by: Igor Kudrik
News
Four Delta class nuclear powered submarines arrived at Zvezda shipyard in the Russian Far East to undergo decommissioning. The U.S. Co-operative Threat Reduction program foots the bill to dismantle the submarines.
CTR was founded in 1991 when the U.S. Congress directed the Department of Defence to help secure former Soviet weapons of mass destruction. Since 1991, Congress has provided $2.3 billion to support CTR’s efforts. In 1992, CTR developed a specific program for dismantling ballistic missile submarines (SSBN) required under START- 1 arms reduction treaty. In 1997-98 CTR realised that the Russian government was unable to pay workers to carry out the scrapping of submarines. As a result, CTR was on contract for seven strategic submarines: one Yankee and six Delta-class submarines. In 1999, CTR planned to sign contracts for nine additional submarines. The decommissioning takes place at Nerpa and Zvezdochka shipyards in the Russian Northwest and at Zvezda shipyard in the Far East of Russia.
In 1998, Zvezda shipyard decommissioned two Delta class submarines, while Nerpa shipyard at the Kola Peninsula melted down three Delta’s. One Yankee class submarine was reportedly decommissioned at Zvezdochka shipyard in Severodvinsk the same year. This year, CTR is on contract to dismantle four Delta class submarines at Zvezda and five Delta’s at Nerpa shipyard.
In July this year, the first Typhoon class submarine arrived at Severodvinsk, Arkhangelsk County, to get scrapped. Four more Typhoons are expected to be decommissioned. CTR’s objective so far is to dismantle 32 SSBNs: one Yankee, 26 Deltas, and 5 Typhoons.
Introduction Competitiveness has been the dominating topic in EU political discussions in recent months and is set to be a key focus of the upcomi...
Russia is a world leader in the construction of nuclear power plants abroad. Despite the sanctions pressure on Russia since its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, its nuclear industry has remained virtually untouched.
Today, the Bellona Foundation is launching the establishment of the Center for Marine Restoration in Kabelvåg, Lofoten. At the same time, collaboration agreements related to the center were signed with Norrøna, the University of Tromsø, the Lofoten Council and Blue Harvest Technologies
To ensure that Germany achieves its goal of climate neutrality by 2045, negative emissions are necessary, as depicted in the global IPCC scenarios.