The Arctic as a resource base
What’s wrong with Russia’s official documents on the Arctic.
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Publish date: October 21, 2008
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Since being established in 1991 to secure and eliminate weapons of mass destruction in the former Soviet Union, the Nunn-Lugar initiative has deactivated 7,298 strategic nuclear warheads and destroyed 724 ICBMs, 496 ICBM silos, 137 mobile ICBM launchers, 631 submarine-launched ballistic missiles, 456 SLBM launchers, 31 ballistic missile-capable submarines, 155 strategic bombers, 906 nuclear air-to-surface missiles and 194 nuclear test tunnels, according to Defense Threat Reduction agency statistics.
The programme has also secured 411 nuclear-weapon train shipments, increased security measures at 17 nuclear weapon storage facilities and built 16 biological agent monitoring stations. It removed all nuclear weapons from Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus, nations that inherited held the world’s third, fourth and eighth largest nuclear arsenals after the Soviet Union’s collapse.
By sponsoring the International Science and Technology Centers, the Nunn-Lugar program has helped to provide civilian opportunities for 58,000 former weapons scientists. The International Proliferation Prevention Programme has involved 14,000 former weapons personnel in 750 projects and established 580 technology-sector positions, said Lugar in his release.
What’s wrong with Russia’s official documents on the Arctic.
As uranium supplies from Russia fall under the shadow of potential sanctions, and while Ukraine’s allies look to wean themselves off nuclear fuel produced by Moscow’s Rosatom corporation, owners of left-for-dead mines in the US are looking to revive their deposits.
The European Union doubled its purchases of Russian nuclear fuel in 2023, data from Eurostat and the UN’s international trade service Comtrade show.
The output of Russian nuclear power plants in 2023 decreased by 2.8% compared to 2022. A decrease in output occurred for the first time in 10 years a...