As CCS technology is rapidly scaling up and raises a number of regulatory issues  along with the technical, safety and environmental viability of CCS projects, the IEA CCS Model Regulatory Framework gives an overview of 19 key issues associated with regulating CCS which need to be addressed by national policies. The list encompasses technology as well as communication, liability and climate change policy, with topics such as  ”classification of CO2,” ”Incentivize CCS as part of climate change mitigation policies,” ”knowledge and experience through the demonstration phase,” ”Using CCS for biomass-based sources ,”etc.

As for the ”Incentivize CCS as part of climate change mitigation policies” issue, the report gives a range of incentives which includes carbon taxes, cap-and-trade based emission trading, project-based mechanisms, feed-in tariffs and product based incentives, emissions performance standards and technology mandates which can make CCS a requirement. 

The principles are based on the experiences of early-movers such as Australia, Europe and the United States and is directed towards countries that are currently considering regulatory approaches to facilitate CCS demonstration efforts or large scale CCS deployment. The Model Framework further provides explanations and examples of how an issue has been addressed in existing legislation. Model legislative texts are also available for developing CCS regulatory frameworks.

Full version of the model framework can be found on the IEA webpage.